- KUCZAJ II, STAN A., et al. “How Intelligent Are Dolphins? A Partial Answer Based on Their Ability to Plan Their Behavior When Confronted with Novel Problems.” Japanese Journal of Animal Psychology, vol. 59, no. 1, 2009, pp. 99–115., doi:10.2502/janip.59.1.9.
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The lead author of this article is Stan Kuczaj who was a professor who taught at the University of Southern Mississippi also founded the Marine Mammal Behavior and Cognition Laboratory. Kuczaj writes about a series of studies that demonstrate dolphins’ planning which is a cognitive ability under the term intelligence. These studies use interactive activities and observe how these animals act, think and plan in order to achieve their goal.
- Herman, Louis M. “What Laboratory Research Has Told Us about Dolphin Cognition .” International Journal of Comparative Psychology, vol. 23, 2010, pp. 310–330.
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Louis M. Herman was a professor at the University of Hawaii and Manoa and was a leader in the field as he led significant amounts of research on dolphin perception, cognition and also co-founded the Dolphin Institute which researches dolphins and whales. Herman wrote of many studies that took place at his laboratory that had involved dolphin cognition and behavior. These studies help to prove that dolphins possess extensive cognitive capabilities.
Kuczaj, Stan & Xitco, Mark. (2010). Can Dolphins Plan their Behavior?. International Journal of Comparative Psychology. 23. 664-670.
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Dr Mark Xitco, Director of the NMMP discusses the rich history, focus on animal training and welfare, the hundreds of available peer-reviewed research papers on marine mammal behavior and physiology, and the important recovery and security missions that teams of sea lions, dolphins, and their human trainers are ready to assist with 24 hours day anywhere in the world.
Defining the problem
Waples, Kelly A., and Nicholas J. Gales. “Evaluating and Minimising Social Stress in the Care of Captive Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Aduncus).” Wiley Online Library, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 20 Mar. 2002, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/zoo.10004.
The authors of this article are Kelly A. Waples and Nicholas J. Gates. Kelly has worked with the Marine Mammal Research Group and received her education at Environment Macquarie University. Nicholas is part of the government agency, Australian Antarctic Division. The main idea of this article is how stress effects captive dolphins. Captivity stresses the dolphins to the extent in which it effects their health. This article will help me in my essay because it shows the side effects of captivity.
Rose, Naomi A, and Debra Firmani . “The Case Against Marine Mammals in Captivity .” World Society for the Protection of Animals , The Humane Society of the United States and World Society for the Protection of Animals , 2009, www.humanesociety.org/sites/default/files/docs/case-against-marine-captivity.pdf.
The following text was published in 2009 and written by Noami A. Rose, and Debra Firmani. Noami Rose is a Marine Mammal Biologist in Welfare and Conservation. Derbra Firmani is a former editor of Wildlife lands. The main idea of this text is to tell its audience the process of helping protect oceans and their inhabitants.
Rally, Heather D., and Toni Frohoff. "Dolphin Exploitation and Suffering at Seaworld Parks." Retrieved from PETA website: https://www. peta. org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/SeaWorld-Dolphin-White-Paper. pdf (2019).
The following article, was published in 2019 and written by Heather D. Rally and Toni Frohoff. Heather D. Rally is a Veterinarian, as well as part of the PETA Foundation. Toni Frohoff is a behavioral biologist and has helped the foundation of the organization, TerraMar Research. This article discusses the sufferings of the dolphins that are held captive in SeaWorld. The article covers the stress they experience, dental disease, bodily deformations, and breeding.
Advocating Solutions
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Bardroff, Jenna. “4 Simple Ways YOU Can Help Dolphins in Captivity.” One Green Planet, One Green Planet, 15 Jan. 2015, www.onegreenplanet.org/animalsandnature/simple-ways-you-can-help-dolphins-in-captivity/.
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The article, “4 Simple Ways YOU Can Help Dolphins in Captivity” was written in 2015 by Jenna Bardroff. Jenna attended the University of South Florida in Integrative Animal Biology. This article discusses ways to put an end to captivity such as in marine parks. This article suggests ideas such as standing against marine parks, protest, following organizations, and protecting the ocean.
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“Orcas and Dolphins Do Not Belong in Captivity!” Dolphin Project, www.dolphinproject.com/take-action/orcas-and-dolphins-do-not-belong-in-captivity/.
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These solutions are from the Dolphin Project which is an organization started by Ric O’ Barry. This organization has been running for 50 years and focuses on saving dolphins. The organization suggest solutions for dolphin captivity such as signing petition, spreading awareness, supporting organizations, and getting involved within communities. Some of these solutions are at a grassroot such as spreading awareness which can be done through social media as well as sharing petitions. Other solutions such as volunteering can be help resolve local policies.
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“News: REMINDER: Send a Message to SeaWorld.” News | REMINDER: Send a Message to SeaWorld | International Marine Mammal Project, savedolphins.eii.org/news/entry/reminder-send-a-message-to-seaworld.
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This article was written on November 19, 2020 by Mark J. Palmer named “Reminder: Send a Message to SeaWorld”. This article discusses a solution for captivity at SeaWorld at a bigger level compared to within your communities. According to this article SeaWorld is planning to expand and build another park which ultimately means there would be dolphins in captivity.